wehewehe kikoʻī
Western blot (WB), strip immunoassay (LIATEK HIV Ⅲ), radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) a me immunofluorescence assay (IFA).ʻO ke ʻano hōʻoia hōʻoia maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia ma Kina ʻo WB.
（1） He ala hoʻokolohua ʻo Western blot (WB) i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi lele.E pili ana i ka maʻi etiological o HIV, ʻo ia ke ʻano hoʻokolohua hōʻoia mua i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻoia i nā antibodies HIV.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hopena ʻike o WB ma ke ʻano he "gold standard" e ʻike i nā pono a me nā hemahema o nā ʻano hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe.
Kaʻina hana hōʻoia hōʻoia:
Aia nā ʻano huikau HIV-1/2 a me ka ʻano HIV-1 a i ʻole HIV-2 hoʻokahi.ʻO ka mua, e hoʻohana i ka HIV-1/2 hui ʻia e hoʻāʻo.Inā maikaʻi ʻole ka hopena, e hōʻike mai he kino ʻole ka antibody HIV;Inā maikaʻi, e hōʻike ana he HIV-1 antibody maikaʻi;Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia nā koina kūpono, ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole maopopo ka hopena o ka hōʻike antibody HIV.Inā loaʻa kahi pūʻulu hōʻike kikoʻī o ka HIV-2, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka HIV-2 immunoblotting reagent e hoʻokō hou i ka hōʻoia hōʻoia hōʻoia HIV 2, e hōʻike ana i kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole, a hōʻike ʻia he ʻino ka antibody HIV 2;Inā maikaʻi, e hōʻike ʻo ia he serologically maikaʻi no ka HIV-2 antibody, a hoʻouna i ka hāpana i ka hale hōʻikeʻike aupuni no ka nānā ʻana i ka nucleic acid sequence analysis.
ʻAʻole i haʻahaʻa ka naʻau o WB ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo screening preliminary, akā kiʻekiʻe loa kona kikoʻī.Hoʻokumu nui ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ʻāpana antigen HIV like ʻole, hiki ke ʻike i nā antibodies e kūʻē i nā ʻāpana antigen like ʻole, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano WB e ʻike i ka pololei o ka hoʻāʻo screening preliminary.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai nā hopena hōʻoia hōʻoia WB ʻoiai ua koho ʻia nā reagents me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi no ka hoʻāʻo screening preliminary, e like me ke kolu o ka hanauna ELISA, e mau ana nā hopena hoʻopunipuni, a hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena pololei ma o ka hōʻoia hōʻoia. .
（2） Ka hoʻāʻo immunofluorescence (IFA)
Maikaʻi, maʻalahi a wikiwiki ke ʻano IFA, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia e FDA no ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā laʻana WB maopopo ʻole.Eia nō naʻe, koi ʻia nā microscope fluorescent pipiʻi, koi ʻia nā ʻenehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi, a ʻo ka nānā ʻana a me ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hopena e pili maʻalahi i nā kumu kumu.ʻAʻole pono e mālama ʻia nā hopena no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka IFA a hoʻohana ʻia i nā laboratories maʻamau.
Hōʻike hōʻike hōʻike hōʻoia hōʻoia antibody HIV
E hōʻike ʻia nā hopena o ka hōʻoia hōʻoia antibody HIV ma ka Papa 3.
(1) E hoʻokō me ka HIV 1 antibody positive judgment criteria, e hōʻike i ka "HIV 1 antibody positive (+)", a e hana maikaʻi i ke kūkākūkā ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ka hūnā a me ka hōʻike kūlana maʻi maʻi e like me ka makemake.E hoʻokō me ka HIV 2 antibody positive judgment criteria, e hōʻike i ka "HIV 2 antibody positive (+)", a e hana maikaʻi i ke kūkākūkā ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ka hūnā a me ka hōʻike kūlana maʻi maʻi e like me ka mea e pono ai.
(2) E like me ka HIV antibody negative judgment criteria, a hōʻike i "HIV antibody negative (-)".I ka hihia i manaʻo ʻia he maʻi "window period", ʻoi aku ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana o ka HIV nucleic acid e hana i kahi maʻi akaka i ka hikiwawe.
(3) E hoʻokō i nā koina no ka ʻike ʻole o ka antibody HIV, e hōʻike i ka "ʻike ʻole o ka antibody HIV (±)", a e nānā i nā ʻōlelo "e kali no ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana ma hope o 4 pule".
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